Under the terminology attended fertilization, they are all the techniques and treatments that support the natural fertilization of the ovum for a sperm. The most successful technique arose in the year of 1992 with the introduction of ICSI (injection of sperm intra- Cytoplasmic). In this method a sperm is injected directly with the help of a glass pipette inside an ovum. The technique of ICSI is used mainly in cases of severe masculine infertility, if a reduced quantity of sperms exists and if the sperms are immobile or abnormal. This technology is also used when a pregnancy is not achieved with conventional IVF. Likewise, you can use the method of ICSI in the cases that the ejaculation doesn't contain sperms, which can be obtained surgically of the testicles or the epididymis.
The treatment with ICSI is very similar to the treatment IVF. The stimulation with hormones, the ultrasounds and the puncture of the follicles is same in both procedures. It is in the laboratory where is different: which consists on the preparation of a sperm with an ovum and in the injection of this sperm inside the ovum.
The ovum should clean with the help of a special enzymatic solution of the cells of the granular one. Then, the grade of maturity of the liberated ovum is observed. They can only be injected with success the mature ova. At the same time the sperm gets ready. In this case, is to isolate the healthy few sperms. In occasions, they are less sperms than ova in the couple.
Before the injection, the sperm is immobilized and this is aspired in a pipette of 0.007 mm . Of diameter. Soon after, the ovum is immobilized with a special pipette, which is introduced with the sperm. Then a sperm is injected inside the ovum. The whole process is carried out with the help of micro-manipulators, which allow a strict control of the movements.
he success of ICSI is compared with the figures of IVF in cases of analysis of normal sperm. Although the treatment with ICSI is relatively young, it has been used in great number of patient. At the moment, you can conclude that the treatment with ICSI is not bound to an increase of malformations or fetal genetic defects; but even this way, it is recommended to make amniocentesis.
